Leading causes of death and disease burden in the Americas: Noncommunicable diseases and external causes

Overview

The health status of its population is a key determinant of a country’s social and economic development. Understanding disease morbidity, mortality, disability, and the related impact on life expectancy is a fundamental pillar for building resilient health systems and more equitable societies. Such knowledge informs strategic planning and optimal resource allocation to effectively address health challenges, making health systems more responsive to the needs of the populations they serve. This report presents an in-depth analysis on life expectancy and mortality in the Americas, exploring the burden of disease throughout the life course. It focuses on NCDs, encompassing mental and substance use disorders, neurological conditions, and external causes during the period 2000–2019. Despite a trend to overall increased life expectancy, NCDs and external causes remain a major challenge to social and economic development in the Region of the Americas, requiring public health solutions, health systems innovations, and political interventions to bring about the required changes. Rapidly aging populations and related demographic shifts, increasing disease burdens, and widening gaps in equity demand accelerated actions to tackle NCDs and mental health conditions. This report provides evidence urgently needed for decisive actions, so that the Sustainable Development Goals can be achieved by the countries of the Americas.