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Journée Internationale des Infirmières 2024

Infirmières, infirmiers, ils sont les acteurs clés de la promotion de la santé et de la prévention des maladies. Elles sont l'épine dorsale des systèmes de santé dans le monde entier. Travaillant en première ligne de la prévention des maladies, de la promotion de la santé et de la gestion de la santé, elles sont souvent les héroïnes méconnues des services de santé et des interventions d'urgence. En raison de leur rôle essentiel dans les soins de santé, des investissements sont nécessaires dans la formation, les emplois, le leadership et la prestation de services des infirmières. À l'occasion de la Journée Internationale des Infirmières 2024, l'Organisation Panaméricaine de la Santé (OPS) a proposé à ses États membres d'organiser des discussions sur le genre, le leadership et l'innovation dans la formation et la pratique des infirmières dans la Région des Amériques.

Illustration of a nurse

Données

Les soins infirmiers dans la région des Amériques :

  • Il y a environ 7 millions de professionnels infirmiers
  • 43% des pays déclarent moins de 30 infirmières pour 10 000 habitants
  • 15 % des infirmiers ont 55 ans ou plus
  • 89 % sont des femmes
  • 79 % travaillent dans le secteur public
  • 74 % travaillent dans les hôpitaux
  • In the health sector, women are underrepresented in leadership positions and face inequalities in salary levels. On average, women earn 20% less than men.
  • Although women have attributes that make them effective leaders, such as sensitivity and empathy, gender gaps in leadership positions persist.
  • Nurses interact directly with people and establish trusting relationships with them. They are involved at all levels of health care delivery and can be decisive leaders in the transformation of health systems.
  • Ministries of Health in some countries in the Region have no nurses in management positions. The position of chief nursing officer (CNO) is present in 47% of the countries.
  • Today's society and educational systems offer a unique opportunity for nurses to develop their leadership skills. Leaders in nursing can help facilitate this transformation and prepare future professionals. Effective nursing leadership will ensure strategic planning, along with judicious implementation and evaluation, aimed at increasing the number of nursing professionals.
  • In most of Latin America and the Caribbean, advanced practice nursing (APN) is in the early stages of development.
  • There are inequalities in the availability of training opportunities. Of the 2,540 nursing schools in the region, 83% are located in just two countries: Brazil (42%) and the United States of America (41%). Latin America and the Caribbean has 63 doctoral programs in nursing, 65% of them in Brazil.
  • Nursing education systems are dissimilar in terms of the competencies of trained professionals, the structure and updating of the curriculum, and faculty qualifications.
  • Interprofessional education remains under-explored and under-adopted in nursing education programs.
  • 34% of users of PAHO's Virtual Campus for Public Health are nursing professionals.
  • Continuing education is a necessary personal and professional investment throughout one's working life.
  • New technologies have transformed nursing education in recent years, revealing new opportunities and challenges for educators and students. Virtual learning can increase educational access and opportunities for nursing students living in remote areas, offering an alternative for delivering courses, practicing simulations, and facilitating clinical experiences at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.
  • Virtual educational strategies have become a useful tool for access to knowledge, overcoming geographical barriers and time constraints in nursing education.
  • There is an opportunity to accelerate and expand innovation in health service delivery and to strengthen the capacity, effectiveness, and efficiency of PHC-based health systems, while moving toward the goals of disease prevention, control, and elimination.
  • The increased use of telehealth can help achieve more responsive primary health care, expanding access for all, especially the most vulnerable groups.
  • Nurses will need knowledge and skills to lead the development of new models of patient care facilitated by information and communication technologies.
  • Nursing schools have the opportunity to plan and implement competency development initiatives for faculty; update their curricula with a view to increasing the use of information and communication technologies in all areas; and take new approaches to teaching online, hybrid, and simulation-based programs. 

Messages clés

  1. Dans le secteur de la santé, les femmes sont confrontées à des inégalités dans la répartition des salaires. Nous devons promouvoir l'égalité des sexes au sein du personnel infirmier afin d'améliorer les conditions de travail et de favoriser le maintien de ces professionnels dans leur pays.
  2. Les infirmières interagissent directement avec la communauté et peuvent jouer un rôle de premier plan dans l'élaboration des politiques de santé. Il est donc essentiel de promouvoir les possibilités de leadership et de développer les capacités des professionnels infirmiers.
  3. Grâce à des innovations dans le domaine de la santé, telles que la télésanté et la collaboration interprofessionnelle, les infirmières seront en mesure d'élargir l'accès aux services de santé basés sur les soins de santé primaires pour les populations en situation de vulnérabilité dans les zones rurales ou mal desservies.