Medical male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male sexual transmission of HIV by approximately 60%, particularly in settings with generalized HIV epidemics.
Male circumcision provides only partial protection, and therefore should be only one element of a comprehensive HIV prevention package which includes: the provision of HIV testing and counseling services; treatment for sexually transmitted infections; the promotion of safer sex practices; the provision of male and female condoms and promotion of their correct and consistent use.
VMMC is safe when provided by well-trained health professionals in properly equipped settings. Health messages should be carefully tailored, culturally sensitive, draw on local language and symbols, and be appropriate to the level of education and understanding of the population groups that they address. Messages should address both men and women.