Integrating the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and sexual and reproductive health programmes: implementation guidance

The global community has made great progress in reducing major health burdens in recent decades, including advances in infectious disease control and treatment, maternal, newborn and child health care and sexual and reproductive health (SRH). These successes have contributed to worldwide gains in life expectancy, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The progress is increasingly threatened, however, by the burgeoning public health challenges of comorbidity and multimorbidity with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), exacerbated further by challenges in implementing NCD programmes due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. We examine here experience in and barriers to integration of programmes for the prevention and treatment of NCDs into primary health care (PHC).This includes the experience of integrated delivery of HIV and NCD care in settings with a high prevalence of HIV and NCDs.