DATA CLASSIFICATION
In the map and horizontal bar chart, the data is presented in five classes created using the quantile classification method. Each class contains 20% of countries, which is easy to interpret. The quintile intervals are labeled sequentially from Quintile 1, also called the bottom quintile which includes the lowest fifth (0 to 20%) of data points to Quintile 5 (or top quintile), which includes the top fifth (80% to 100%) of data points.
INDICATOR DEFINITION
Measure: Death, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLDs), and Years of Life Lost (YLLs) due to premature death.
Metric: Rate
Unit of Measure: For mortality measures: deaths per 100,000 population. For measures of burden of disease: years per 100,000 population
Topic: Mortality and burden of disease
Rationale: Measuring how many people die each year and why they died is one of the most important means – along with gauging how diseases and injuries are affecting people – for assessing the effectiveness of a country’s health system. Statistics of causes of death and disability help inform public health policy and planning.
Definitions:
The selected alcohol-related diseases, presented in this topic, comprise three specific conditions as defined by the GHE cause list: 1) alcohol use disorders, 2) cirrhosis of the liver due to alcohol use, and 3) liver cancer due to alcohol use.
Definition of metrics: the following metrics represent the aggregated estimates of the above-mentioned conditions.
The death rate due to alcohol-related disease: Number of deaths due to alcohol use disorders in a year, divided by the population and multiplied by 100 000.
DALY rate: Number of DALYs due to due to alcohol-related disease in a year, divided by the population and multiplied by 100 000.
YLD rate: Number of YLD due to due to alcohol-related disease in a year, divided by the population and multiplied by 100 000.
YLL rate: Number of YLL due to alcohol-related disease in a year, divided by the population and multiplied by 100 000.
Disaggregation: Age, Sex, Location (region, subregion, and country), and Year.
The categories "All-ages, and Age-standardized included in the dimension Age, have the following meaning:
- All-ages indicate that the death rate was computed by the aggregation of deaths from every age group, and the rate is crude (without removing the effect of age distribution across population groups or geographies).
- Age-standardized indicates that the death rate refers to all ages but it has been age-standardized by the direct method using the WHO world standard population.
Method of estimation: Mortality and burden of disease measures by cause, age, sex, and location (countries, the region of the Americas, and subregions) were computed based on estimates of the absolute number of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature mortality from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Estimates 2019 (GHE). These data represent the best and most updated estimates of the WHO which have been computed using standard categories, definitions, and methods to ensure cross-country comparability, and may not be the same as official national estimates.
Methodological details:
Data sources and methods for estimating deaths and burden of diseases are described in the following documents:
Method of estimation of the regional and subregional aggregates: Calculated by aggregating the country values (both numerator and the population) using population estimates from the World Population Prospects 2019, produced by the UN Population Division, as denominators.
Preferred data sources: Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) systems with complete coverage and medical certification of cause of death.
